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MALTATODAY 12 February 2023

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10 NEWS 10K 8K 6K 4K 2K 0 ITALY UK (former… BULGARIA ROMANIA SPAIN FRANCE GERMANY HUNGARY POLAND SWEDEN 5,552 2,596 2,433 1,738 1,715 1,703 1,651 1,593 1,320 UNITED KINGDOM ITALY SERBIA & MONTENEGRO CHINA GERMANY LIBYA INDIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION BULGARIA BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA SWEDEN SERBIA NETHERLANDS AUSTRALIA EGYPT MOROCCO TURKEY PHILIPPINES FRANCE SYRIAN ARAB REP. CANADA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TUNISIA NIGERIA AUSTRIA BELGIUM DENMARK IRELAND POLAND UKRAINE 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 744 264 233 215 211 207 201 146 144 87 84 76 71 70 65 63 56 55 53 50 47 45 44 38 37 30 28 27 24 24 2002 Press play (below) to see annual growth of foreign workers from 2002 to 2021 The jobs done by foreign workers in Malta Managers Professionals Associate professionals Clerks, support workers Services, sales workers Agriculture & Fishery Craft tradesmen Factory workers Elementary jobs 0 2K 4K 6K 8K 10K 12K EU workers Non-EU workers EU workers are mainly employed in professional and managerial posts, while non-EU workers mainly occupy service posts and semi-skilled jobs maltatoday | SUNDAY • 12 FEBRUARY 2023 MATTHEW VELLA THE COVID-19 pandemic marked a significant shift in Malta's workforce, where the foreign component of em- ployees hailed in the majority from out- side the European Union. In 2020, a drop in the number of EU na- tionals, prompted in part by a curtailing of economic activity due to the COVID lockdown as well as voluntary returns to their home countries, was accompanied by a rise in non-EU workers. EU nationals have formed the bulk of foreign workers in Malta, especially with the remote gaming boom of the early 2010s. But a decade later, COVID-19 saw the number of EU nationals falling by 18% over just one year, yet non-EU nationals increased by almost 26%, out- stripping the portion of EU workers that make up Malta's foreign workforce. Data collected by MaltaToday shows EU workers increasing rapidly from 5,300 in 2009 to 9,500 in 2012; then al- ways increasing by an average rate of 5,000 workers a year to reach almost 37,000 in 2019. A year later, EU workers fell to 31,000 during the COVID-19 pandemic, and then climb slowly to 34,000 in 2021. With non-EU nationals, which num- bered just over 4,100 in 2009, the growth was slower, doubling to almost 10,000 by 2016. It was in this year that intense im- portation of foreign labour in Malta took place, with non-EU nationals growing to 14,000 in 2017, then 21,000 in 2018, 30,000 in 2019, and again to 38,000 in 2020. Non-EU nationals outnumbered EU workers following pandemic shock EU workers 2021 Non-EU Sub-Saharan/East Africa 12K 10K 8K 6K 4K 2K 0 ITALY UK (former… BULGARIA ROMANIA SPAIN FRANCE GERMANY HUNGARY POLAND SWEDEN 5,552 2,596 2,433 1,738 1,715 1,703 1,651 1,593 1,320 Employed foreigners 2009-2021 0 20K 40K 60K 80K 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 EU, EEA, dependents Third Country Nationals TOTAL Foreign workers in Malta 2021 Top nationalities of foreign workers 2021 • EU and non-EU UNITED KINGDOM ITALY SERBIA & MONTENEGRO CHINA GERMANY LIBYA INDIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION BULGARIA BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA SWEDEN SERBIA NETHERLANDS AUSTRALIA EGYPT MOROCCO TURKEY PHILIPPINES FRANCE SYRIAN ARAB REP. CANADA UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TUNISIA 744 264 233 215 211 207 201 146 144 87 84 76 71 70 65 63 56 55 53 50 47 45 44 2002 Press play (below) to see annual growth of foreign workers from 2002 to 2021 Click above to see data for EU/TCNs/Africans Data collected by MaltaToday shows EU workers increasing rapidly from 5,300 in 2009 to 9,500 in 2012; then always increasing by an average rate of 5,000 workers a year to reach almost 37,000 in 2019. A year later, EU workers fell to 31,000 during the COVID-19 pandemic, and then climb slowly to 34,000 in 2021. COVID-19 marked a significant change in Malta's foreign workforce, with a massive dip in EU nationals being accompanied by a higher 26% increase in third-country national workers, who firmly occupy the lower salary ranges in terms of jobs In the ranges that start from annual €10,000 salaries, €15,000 and €20,000, non-EU nationals total almost 30,000 – representing just over 70% of the non-EU workforce

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