Issue link: https://maltatoday.uberflip.com/i/1530133
7 maltatoday | WEDNESDAY • 4 DECEMBER 2024 NEWS THE Justice and Peace Com- mission of the Archdiocese of Malta has published its lat- est report, Beyond GDP II: Third-Country Nationals in Malta: Sharing in our eco- nomic future or serving labour market interests? The report is released amidst evolving mi- gration policies and an increas- ing reliance on third-country nationals (TCNs) as a key part of the Maltese economy. Malta's unique context — marked by an ageing popula- tion, low fertility rates, labour shortages and a drive for high- er GDP growth — underscores the indispensable contribu- tions of TCNs. It highlights the importance of treating TCNs equitably, alongside Maltese workers, rather than simply commodities contributing to GDP growth. This report builds on the foundational work of Beyond GDP (2020), which initiated a critical discussion on evalu- ating the success of a country through metrics beyond GDP figures. Using a mixed-meth- ods approach, the latest study combines publicly available statistical data with insights from semi-structured inter- views carried out with stake- holders and TCN community leaders. The findings present a comprehensive perspective on the economic and lived experi- ences of TCNs in Malta. As of August 2023, TCN workers on a single work per- mit were predominantly young males (aged 25–39) employed in sectors such as adminis- tration (including temping agencies), accommodation and food services, construc- tion, wholesale and retail, and manufacturing. These roles were often in low-productivity or low-skilled jobs, with TCN salaries averaging 17% lower than Maltese workers, despite many being overqualified for their positions. Moreover, a high turnover within the TCN labour market contributes to instability in the economy and society. Beyond GDP II highlights the complexities and ambiguities of the single-work permit ap- plication process, which is fur- ther compounded by language barriers. This allows agencies to fi- nancially exploit the 'over- whelmed' TCN applicants. Many TCNs find documen- tation requirements cumber- some, sometimes unrealistic, or simply revenue-generating. This sentiment exacerbates the frustration of many who noted that applicants with connec- tions or the ability to pay extra could often find 'illicit' path- ways to bypass such require- ments. Delays in processing permits also lead some to work illegally, leaving them vulnera- ble to further exploitation. Under the single-work per- mit system, TCNs' residency permit is dependent on the 'benevolence' of their employ- er. This makes them reluctant to report issues such as unsafe working conditions or unequal treatment for fear of termina- tion and deportation. Rising rental costs and a lack of knowledge of rental regu- lations often lead TCNs into overcrowding or substandard living arrangements. These sacrifices are often made to save money and send remit- tances to their families back home. Moreover, stricter income re- quirements have led to an in- crease in family reunification rejections, even for children al- ready residing in Malta or born locally. As a result, children are left undocumented, making them more vulnerable and in- visible. Alternatively, delays in processing children's IDs fur- ther hinder their school enrol- ment and restrict their right to education. Bishop Joseph Galea-Curmi expressed gratitude to the Jus- tice and Peace Commission, and all participants involved in the report Beyond GDP II, and for shedding light on the hid- den struggles of third-country nationals in Malta. He said that every human being, regardless of nationality or legal status, is created in the image of God. This foundational belief un- derscores the Church's call to treat third-country nationals with respect and dignity and to protect their lives and their hu- man rights. "This respect must be demonstrated through at- titudes, policies, and concrete actions," emphasised Bishop Galea-Curmi. Justice and Peace President Daniel Darmanin remarked: "This report aims to empower TCNs by giving them a voice, highlighting their contribu- tions, benefits, and challenges in navigating the single-work permit process, without por- traying them as victims or undermining their autonomy. The Commission regards this report as an essential tool for shaping future policies, urging collective recognition of the significant contributions TCNs make to Malta and emphasis- ing the importance of fostering a society where everyone can find purpose, dignity and com- munity." The Justice and Peace Com- mission expresses its gratitude to all the participants in this study, particularly the foreign community leaders who shared their challenges and trusted the Commission to represent their voices. Gratitude is also extended to the stakeholders, including lawyers and NGO members, who assist migrants and TCNs in navigating local systems and provided valuable feedback for the study. The Commission ac- knowledges their ongoing work to ensure an equitable society where no one is left behind. The publication of Beyond GDP II was made possible through the generous support of EY and APS Bank. The re- port is available at jp.church. mt. Launch of 'Beyond GDP II: The Hidden Struggles Of Third-Country Nationals In Malta'